本期文章

Shyness, or Something More?  不只是害臊?

by Kevin Lustig    

Social phobia can make being with others a nightmare.

社交恐懼症讓身處人群成為一種惡夢。





You enter a crowded classroom. People seem to be staring at you. You hear laughter from a group of students in the corner. _(1)_ Instantly, your heart starts to pound, and you desperately want to hide.

  If this experience is familiar to you, you may have social anxiety disorder. _(2)_ For people who experience these feelings, it can be almost impossible to enjoy talking to others, being with friends, or even simply going out in public.

  Social phobia has many forms, from fear of speaking in public to feeling uncomfortable in groups. It can cause unpleasant physical symptoms like sweating, blushing, difficulty breathing, and feeling sick. There are several explanations for why people have social phobia. It can be passed down genetically from parents to children. _(3)_ The experience might leave the victim with a terrible fear of ending up in a similar situation again.

  Luckily for those who have social phobia, the condition is treatable. _(4)_ Meditation and relaxation exercises can also help. Most importantly, there are techniques that can help to cure it altogether. One of the most common methods is experiencing the uncomfortable social situations a little bit at a time with the help of a psychologist. _(5)_

  For some, social phobia stands in the way of a lot of enjoyment that most people take for granted. However, with the right treatment, social situations can be fun and enjoyable for everyone.

(A) Also known as social phobia, social anxiety disorder is a condition that causes individuals to become anxious when they have to interact with other people.

(B) This method has been proven to help those with social anxiety disorder to confront and understand their fear.

(C) Social phobia can also develop because someone has been badly embarrassed in front of others.

(D) For one thing, there are drugs that help control the symptoms.

(E) Are they laughing at you?





原來如此





1. 第一題空格應選 (E)

理由:

a. 空格前的句子提到,你聽到角落裡一群學生的嬉笑聲(laughter from a group of students)。

b. (E) 選項的句子中則提出疑問:他們是在嘲笑你嗎(laughing at you),語意連貫,且兩句中的關鍵字 laughter 及 laughing 亦相互呼應,故選之。

大補丸:

laugh at...  嘲笑……

例: Everybody laughed at me when I told them that I'd been abducted by aliens.

(當我告訴別人我曾遭外星人綁架時,每個人都嘲笑我。)



2. 第二題空格應選 (A)

理由:

a. 空格前的句子表示,如果你對上述經驗感到再熟悉不過,你可能患了社交焦慮症(social anxiety disorder)。

b. 選項 (A) 的句子接著說,社交焦慮症(social anxiety disorder)又稱為社交恐懼症(social phobia),是一種與他人互動時會產生焦慮的病症,進一步解釋了社交焦慮症,語意連貫,故選之。

大補丸:

a. phobia n. 恐懼症

social phobia  社交恐懼症

b. anxiety n. 焦慮,緊張

c.disorder n. 失調;不適

d.individual n. 個人

e.anxious a. 焦慮的

be anxious about...  對……感到焦慮∕緊張

例: Julie is anxious about the interview tomorrow.

(茱莉對明天的面試感到緊張。)

f. interact with...  與……互動

interact vi. 互動

例: Sociologists study how people interact with each other.

(社會學家研究人與人之間如何互動。)



3. 第三題空格應選 (C)

理由:

a. 空格前的兩個句子提到,人們為何會有社交恐懼症的原因有幾種解釋(explanations),有可能是父母經由基因遺傳給下一代,而空格前一句中的 it 指的就是 social phobia(社交恐懼症)。

b. 選項 (C) 的句子接著提出造成社交恐懼症(social phobia)的其他原因,有可能是因為患者曾在眾人面前嚴重出糗導致的後果,語意連貫,故選之。

大補丸:

embarrassed a. 感到尷尬∕困窘的

embarrassing a. 令人難為情的

例: Jane was embarrassed by her friend's rudeness at the party.

(珍對她朋友在派對上的粗魯行為感到很難為情。)

例: My most embarrassing experience was getting up on stage and forgetting my lines.

(我最尷尬的經驗是上台時忘了台詞。)



4. 第四題空格應選 (D)

理由:

a. 空格前的句子提到,幸好社交恐懼症是有辦法醫治的(the condition is treatable)。

b. 選項 (D) 接著說其中之一是透過藥物幫助控制這些症狀(help control the symptoms),語意連貫,其中 condition (疾病)和 symptoms (症狀)形成關聯,故選之。

大補丸:

a. for one thing  首先;其一

例: I never eat fish. For one thing, I can't stand the smell.

(我從來不吃魚,原因之一是我受不了魚腥味。)

b. symptom n. 症狀



5. 第五題空格應選 (B)

理由:

a. 空格前的句子提到,其中最常見的一種方法(one of the most common methods)是在心理學家的協助下,一點一點地體驗那些會令人感到不自在的社交場合。

b. (B) 選項接著說,這種方法(this method)經證實能幫助患有社交焦慮症的人面對及了解他們的恐懼,語意連貫,且兩句中均有關鍵字 method (方法),故選之。

大補丸:

confront vt. 對抗,克服

例: The rookie fireman confronted his fears and entered the burning building.

(那個新手消防員克服自己的恐懼,進入著火的建築物裡。)

精解字詞片語





1. instantly adv. 立即,馬上

= immediatel adv.

例: The pharmaceutical company is famous for its product that instantly relieves headaches.

(該藥廠以其能立即消除頭痛的產品而聞名。)



2. desperately adv. 極度地,拼命地

例: The spider's prey was trying desperately to escape the web.

(這隻蜘蛛的獵物拼命想逃離蜘蛛網。)



3. B be familiar to A  A 熟悉 B

= A be familiar with B  

例: Is this picture familiar to you?

= Are you familiar with this picture?

(你對這幅圖畫熟悉嗎?)



4. be passed down from...  從……傳下來

例: The design of this lace was passed down from early French settlers.

(這種蕾絲設計是法國早期移民留傳下來的。)



5. end up + 介詞片語∕現在分詞  到頭來∕最後……

例: The thief ended up in prison.

(那個小偷最後進了監獄。)

例: The gambler ended up losing everything.

(那個賭徒到頭來輸得一乾二淨。)



6. altogether adv. 完全地(= completely);一共(= in total)

例: This new car is altogether different from the old one.

(這輛新車和舊的那一輛完全不同。)

例: There are 300 people altogether in the stadium.

(體育場裡總共有 300 個人。)



7. stand in the way  妨礙,阻擋

例: Nothing can stand in the way of Kevin's dreams.

(沒有什麼能阻擋凱文追求夢想。)



8. take...for granted  將……視為理所當然

例: Don't ever take your health for granted. Be thankful for it.

(別把你健康的身體視為理所當然,要心存感激。)

單字小舖





1. shyness n. 害臊,膽怯

2. pound vi. 心臟劇跳

3. uncomfortable a. 不自在的

4. unpleasant a. 不愉快的

5. blush vi.(因害羞、尷尬而)臉紅

6. genetically adv. 基因方面地

7. treatable a. 可治療的

8. meditation n. 冥想

9. relaxation n. 放鬆

10. technique n. 技巧,技法

11. psychologist n. 心理學家

12. enjoyment n. 樂趣

13. enjoyable a. 有樂趣的





片與小舖





1. stare at...  盯著……

2. in the corner  在(室內的)角落裡

on the corner  在(室外的)角落裡

3. in public  公開地;當眾

in private  私底下

4. at a time  一次





你走進擁擠的教室。大家好像都在盯著你看。你聽到角落裡一群學生的嬉笑聲。他們是在嘲笑你嗎?你的心跳立即加速,恨不得躲起來。

  如果你對上述經驗感到再熟悉不過,你可能患了社交焦慮症。社交焦慮症又稱為社交恐懼症,是一種與他人互動時會產生焦慮的病症。患有這種症狀的人幾乎不可能愉快地與他人交談、和朋友相聚或甚至無法到公共場合。

  社交恐懼症有很多種形式,從害怕在眾人面前發表言論,到身處人群中會感到不自在都屬於社交恐懼症。此種病症會引發生理不適的症狀,像是流汗、臉紅、呼吸困難以及感到噁心想吐。人們為何會有社交恐懼症的原因有幾種解釋。有可能是父母經由基因遺傳給下一代。也有可能是因為患者曾在眾人面前嚴重出糗,而此經驗也許導致患者極度懼怕再度面對類似的情況。

  幸好社交恐懼症是有辦法醫治的。其中之一是透過藥物幫助控制這些症狀。冥想和紓緩運動也有助於治療。更重要的是,還有一些技巧療法有助於完全治癒。其中最常見的一種方法是在心理學家的協助下,一點一點地體驗那些令人感到不自在的社交場合。這種方法經證實能幫助患有社交焦慮症的人面對及了解他們的恐懼。

  對有些人來說,社交恐懼症阻礙他們獲得大多數人認為理所當然的樂趣。不過,藉由正確的治療,社交活動對每個人都可以是有趣而愉快的。





標準答案: 1. (E) 2. (A) 3. (C) 4. (D) 5. (B)


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